Phalaenopsis orchid

Orchids are a large genus of plants found worldwide. As indoor plants, the most common varieties are hybrid forms of the epiphytic Phalaenopsis orchid, native to the tropical forests of Southeast Asia, the Philippines, and Australia. Phalaenopsis is the most adaptable for home growing and is admired for its wide variety of flower shapes and colors. Despite their reputation as delicate plants, with proper care they can live for many years and bloom regularly.

Placement

Phalaenopsis orchids prefer bright areas but must be shielded from direct sunlight, which can burn their delicate leaves. East- or west-facing windows are ideal. On the south side, they need shading with curtains or blinds. On the north side, light is insufficient, so grow lights are recommended. Orchids dislike drafts and frequent moving, so choose a permanent location.

Watering

Water moderately: about once a week in summer and once every 10–14 days in winter. The substrate should dry completely between waterings. Root color is the best indicator: green means moist (no watering needed), silvery gray means dry (watering required). The best method is immersion: place the pot in warm water for 15–20 minutes, then let excess water drain. Avoid water getting into the crown between the leaves. Orchids also appreciate higher humidity, so misting and humidifiers are beneficial.

Fertilizing

During active growth and blooming, orchids should be fertilized with special orchid fertilizers once every 2 weeks, at half the recommended concentration. In the resting period (usually in winter), reduce or stop fertilizing. Regular feeding supports healthy growth and reblooming.

Repotting

Repotting is needed rarely — every 2–3 years, when the substrate loses aeration and compacts. The best time is spring or early summer, after flowering. Use a special orchid mix of bark, sphagnum moss, and charcoal. The pot should be transparent with ventilation holes.

Temperature

Phalaenopsis orchids thrive at +18…+26 °C. They are warmth-loving and cannot tolerate frost. A difference of 3–5 degrees between day and night temperatures helps stimulate blooming. Avoid keeping them below +15 °C, which can stop growth and cause bud drop.

Pruning

Pruning is necessary after flowering. For Phalaenopsis, the flower spike can be trimmed above the 2nd–3rd node to encourage new shoots, or completely removed if it dries. Also remove dry or damaged leaves.

Conclusion

The Phalaenopsis orchid is an elegant plant that, with proper care, can bloom beautifully for many years. It needs a bright but sheltered location, moderate watering by immersion, regular feeding during growth, rare repotting in a special substrate, stable temperatures, and timely pruning of flower spikes.